• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    HIGH PERMEABILITY FRACTURING SHORING MATERIAL. The present invention relates to disintegrating particles that are designed to be mixed and pumped with materials typical of the shoring material, for example, sand, ceramics, bauxite, etc. into the fractures of an underground formation. With time and / or with the change in the well hole or environmental conditions, these particles disintegrate partially or completely, in non-limiting examples, by contact with the fracturing fluid in the well, formation water or a stimulation fluid, such like an acid or brine. After disintegrating, the shoring material package within the fractures will lead to a larger open space allowing greater conductivity and flow rates. The disintegrative particles can be made by compacting and / or sintering the particles of the metal powder, for example, magnesium or other reactive metal or its alloys. Alternatively, particles coated with sintered and / or compacted micrometric or nanometric coatings could also be designed, where the coatings disintegrate more quickly or more slowly than the core in an environment in the altered well.
    公开号:BR112013024795B1
    申请号:R112013024795-9
    申请日:2012-03-29
    公开日:2021-01-19
    发明作者:Gaurav Agrawal；James B. Crews；Zhiyue Xu
    申请人:Baker Hughes Incorporated；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [0001] The present invention relates to compositions and methods for providing a package of high permeability shoring material and more particularly it relates, in a non-limiting embodiment, to compositions and methods for providing a package of high shoring material permeability that involves removing a portion of the shoring material package initially placed TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
    [0002] Hydraulic fracturing is a process generally used to increase the flow of desirable fluids, such as oil and gas, from a portion of an underground formation. Hydraulic fracturing operations generally involve placing a viscous fracturing fluid in an underground formation or zone at a rate and pressure sufficient to cause the formation or zone to be brought down with production resulting from one or more fractures - typically multiple fractures. The pressure required to induce fractures in the rock at a given depth is known as the "fracture gradient".
    [0003] Almost any fluid given sufficient volume and pressure can be used to fracture an underground formation. However, fracturing fluids generally include a viscosity or gelling agent, such as a cross-linked or non-cross-linked polysaccharide material, and / or a viscoelastic surfactant, to affect rheology by increasing the viscosity of the fluid.
    [0004] Typically, one or more fluids work to take and transport the shoring material into the created fracture and form a shoring material package that keeps the fracture open after the pressure is relieved and the overload can accommodate. As the viscous fracturing fluid leaks into the formation, dehydrating the fluid, particulates (shoring materials and other particles) aggregate in the shoring material packages within the fracture. The shoring material packages work to prevent the fracture from closing completely with pressure relief, forming conductive channels through which fluids can flow into (or from) the well bore. The shoring material package is also designed to provide an area of greater permeability than the surrounding rock from which it is desired to produce the hydrocarbons. The higher the permeability of the shoring material package, the greater the potential for the production of hydrocarbons.
    [0005] Thus, it is desired to provide compositions and methods that provide shoring material packages of relatively high permeability within fractures to intensify the production of hydrocarbons from the fractured underground formation. SUMMARY
    [0006] A method to increase the permeability of a shoring material package within a fracture is presented, in a non-limiting modality. The method involves introducing, in at least a portion of a fracture into an underground formation, a mixture of a plurality of shoring materials and a plurality of particles to form a shoring material package. At least a portion of the particles is disintegrative. The method further involves disintegrating at least a portion of the particles to create a shoring material package having a relatively higher permeability when compared to the shoring material package prior to disintegration.
    [0007] In addition, in a non-restrictive version, a mixture including a plurality of shoring materials and a plurality of particles is presented, where at least a portion of the particles is disintegrative metal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0008] FIG. 1 is a non-limiting schematic illustration of a shoring material and three types of particles with their disintegrating portions,
    [0009] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of fully disintegrating particles and shoring materials placed at the fracture in a relatively uniform homogeneous mixture, in a non-limiting modality,
    [0010] FIG. 3 is an illustration of the fracture schematically shown in FIG. 2 after all the fully disintegrating particles have been removed,
    [0011] FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the particles having two differently disintegrating portions of them (for example, coatings on the cores) and shoring materials placed on the fracture in a relatively uniform homogeneous mixture, in another non-limiting modality,
    [0012] FIG. 5 is an illustration of the fracture schematically shown in FIG. 4 after the disintegrative coatings have been completely removed from the particles,
    [0013] FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the fracture shown in FIG. 5 after the disintegrative cores have been completely removed from the fracture,
    [0014] FIG. 7 is a graph of the corrosion rate of several different disintegrative materials at 3% KCl at 93 ° C (200 ° F) and
    [0015] FIG. 8 is a photomicrograph of a portion of a metallic powder compact, as it can comprise particle 40 of FIG. 1.
    [0016] It will be verified that the various structures and their parts shown schematically in FIGS. 1-6 are not necessarily in scale or proportion since many proportions and aspects have been exaggerated for clarity and illustration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [0017] A method has been discovered to form shoring material packages of relatively high permeability in hydraulic fractures involving the use of at least partially disintegrating particles mixed with material typical of shoring material. The disintegrative particles are designed to be pumpable together with the conventional material of the shoring material - for example, sand, ceramics, bauxite, etc. - in a fracture fluid formulation. Over time, these particles will partially or completely disintegrate in the well formation water, fracturing fluid (ie mixture of brine and water) and other fluids. Some of these particles can disintegrate into hydrocarbons if the hydrocarbons contain H2S, CO2 and other acidic gases that cause the materials to disintegrate. Oxides, nitrides, carbides, intermetallic or ceramic coatings or particle components resistant to some of these fluids or conditions can be dissolved, additionally or alternatively, with another stimulating or cleaning fluid, such as an acid based or based fluid. brine. After disintegrating, the shoring material package within the fractures will lead to a larger open space allowing for a higher flow rate.
    [0018] The disintegrating (capable of disintegrating) portions of the particles can be light, high strength and selectively and controllably degradable materials include fully dense sintered powder compacts formed of coated powder materials that include several light particle cores and core materials having multiple coatings of the nanoscale and / or the micron scale of single layer and multiple layers. These powder compacts are made of coated metallic powders that include various light, electrochemically active, high-strength core materials and particle cores (for example, having relatively higher standard oxidation potentials) or materials that comprise all particles, such as as electrochemically active metals that are dispersed within a cellular nanomatrix formed from the various non-metallic and / or metallic coating layers of the nanoscale of metallic or non-metallic coating materials and which are particularly useful in well-hole applications. These powder compacts provide a unique and advantageous combination of mechanical strength properties, such as compression and shear strength, low density and selectable and controllable corrosion properties, particularly rapid and controlled dissolution in various well hole fluids. For example, the particle core and coating layers of these powders can be selected to provide sintered powder compacts suitable for use as high strength engineered materials having a compressive strength and shear strength comparable to several other engineered materials, including carbon, stainless and alloy steels, but which also have a low density comparable to various polymers, elastomers, low-density porous ceramics and composite materials. As yet another example, these powders and compact powder materials can be configured to provide selectable and controllable degradation, disintegration or disposal in response to a change in an environmental condition, such as a transition from a very low dissolution rate to a very rapid rate of dissolution in response to a change in the well hole property or condition next to an article formed from the compact, including a change of property in the well hole fluid that is in contact with the powder compact. The selectable and controllable degradation or disposal characteristics described also allow the dimensional stability and strength of the materials to be maintained until the particles are no longer needed, at which time, a predetermined environmental condition, such as a well bore condition, including the temperature of the well bore fluid, pressure or pH value, salt or brine composition, can be changed to encourage its removal by rapid dissolution. These powder coated and compact powder materials and projected materials formed from them, as well as the methods of their manufacture, are described below. In a non-limiting modality, these disintegrative metals can be called controlled electrolytic metals or EMC.
    [0019] Materials from the disintegrating shoring material can be created with technology previously described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0135953 A1. Magnesium or other reactive materials could be used in the powders to create the disintegrative metal portions, for example, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, iron, calcium, cobalt, tantalum, rhenium, nickel, silicon, elements of rare earths and their alloys and combinations. The alloys can be binary, tertiary or quaternary alloys. As used here, elements from rare earths include Sc, Y; elements of the lanthanide series, including La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Te, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm or Lu or elements of the actinide series including Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np , Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md or No or a combination of rare earth elements. These metals can be used as pure metals or in any combination with each other, including various combinations of alloys of these materials, including binary, tertiary or quaternary alloys of these materials. Nanoscale metallic and / or non-metallic coatings could be applied to these electrochemically active metal particles to further strengthen the material and to provide a means to speed up or slow down the rate of disintegration. Disintegrating enhancing additives include, but are not necessarily limited to, magnesium, aluminum, nickel, iron, cobalt, copper, tungsten, rare earth elements and their alloys and combinations. It will be noted that some elements are common to both lists, that is, those metals that can form disintegrative and compact metals from disintegrative metal and those that can intensify such metals and / or compacts. The function of the metals, alloys or combinations depends on which metal or alloy is selected as the main composition or core of the powder particle first. Then, the relative disintegrative rate depends on the value of the standard potential of the additive or coating relative to that of the core. For example, to create a relatively more slowly disintegrating core, the adhesive or coating composition needs to have less standard potential than that of the core. An aluminum core with a magnesium coating is a suitable example. Or, to make this core dissolve faster, the standard potential of the core needs to be less than that of the coating. An example of the latter situation would be a magnesium particle with a nickel coating.
    [0020] These electrochemically active metals or metals with nanoscale coatings can be very reactive with various common well-hole fluids, including any number of ionic fluids or highly polar fluids. Examples include fluids comprising sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), hydrochloric acid (HCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium bromide (NaBr), calcium bromide (CaBr2), zinc bromide (ZnBr2 ), potassium formate or cesium formate.
    [0021] Alternatively, relatively non-disintegrating particles coated with metallic and / or non-metallic coatings thick in the micron range or thick in the nanometer range could be designed, so that only the coatings disintegrate in the environment in the well while the rest of the particles remain in place as part of the shoring material package. For example, these non-disintegrating particles include highly resistant intermetallic particles or ceramic particles of oxides, nitrides, carbides. The particles could be solid or hollow. Disintegrative coatings include and are not necessarily limited to reactive metals with corrosion enhancing coatings mentioned above. It will be seen that in the modality where there is a disintegrative coating over all or most of a disintegrating core, there may be applications where the coating must be relatively more easily disintegrated than the core and other applications where the core is relatively more easily disintegrated than the coating. In fact, multiple coatings on a core can be used to provide additional control over the disintegration of the particles. Combinations of different fluids and particles with different layers or portions that disintegrate at different rates will provide many ways to design and control the increased permeability of the shoring material package.
    [0022] More specifically, a new formulation of the fracture fluid that includes a particulate component that disintegrates in the environments in the well has been discovered. In a non-limiting embodiment, the disintegrating particles are predominantly metallic particles, such as those made of sintered and / or compacted metal powders. The dissolvable particles can be spherical, elongated, similar to a stick or other geometric shape. It is expected that elongated particle shapes will leave channel-shaped empty spaces in the shoring material package, which can increase fracture conductivity. These can be uncoated or coated. Uncoated particles could be reactive metals, such as magnesium, aluminum, zinc, manganese or their alloys, or metals with disintegration enhancing additives. Coated particles can have a core and a coating. The core could be metals, such as magnesium, zinc, aluminum, tungsten and other metals. The coating could be nickel, aluminum, alumina and many other compositions. The coating could be such that it speeds up or slows down disintegration. These particles could be such that they disintegrate partially or completely over time. The rate of disintegration can be controlled by the composition of the fracturing fluid, such as the type and amount of acids or salts present. Once disintegrated, the skeleton structure consisting of conventional or undissolved or undissolved shoring material particles will be retained. In another non-limiting embodiment, the particles can have a "skeleton structure" with a rate of disintegration around which another portion of the particle can be placed that has a different second rate of disintegration. The resulting conventional shoring material package with unique empty structures created by the disintegrating particles would continue to prevent or prevent the fracture from closing. Once disintegrated, it is conceived that the liquid porosity and permeability of the shoring material package regularly increases evenly across the fracture zones compared to an otherwise identical structure where no disintegration occurs. The fracturing fluid can be fresh water or chilled brine with polymers and / or viscoelastic surfactants, or a fluid containing an acid or acidic gas. For example, in a two-stage process, disintegration control can be carried out by carefully selecting the particles and fluids used. For example, a brine can remove a first coating from the particle, while an acid-containing fluid can subsequently disintegrate the rest of the particle.
    [0023] In an alternative procedure, it is conceived that these disintegrative particles can be designed to be fired by a certain type of stimulating or cleaning fluid. After the shoring material is placed in the hydraulic fractures or cracks, a subsequent dosage of stimulation or cleaning fluid, different from the fracturing, conveyor or placement fluid, will trigger the dissolution of the disintegrative particle phase. This treatment with additional stimulation fluid can be acid or brine or sea water or even heated water or steam or even fresh water - something that produces chemical and / or physical stimuli for the dissolvable material to be fired. The acid can be a mineral acid (where examples include, but are not necessarily limited to HCl, H2SO4, H2PO4, HF and so on) and / or an organic acid (where examples include, but are not necessarily limited to acetic acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, citric acid and so on). In another embodiment, the acid or brine can be like the internal phase of an emulsion cleaning or stimulating fluid as a method of targeting the corrosive liquid.
    [0024] In FIG. 1 are shown a single shoring material 10, a version of a particle 12 that is completely disintegrating and an alternate embodiment of a particle 14 that has a portion 16 that is disintegrating at one rate and a portion 18 that is disintegrating at a second rate . In the particular alternative embodiment of particle 14 shown in FIG. 1, particle 14 has a generally central core 18 which is relatively more slowly disintegrating when compared to portion 16, which is relatively more quickly disintegrative and is a relatively uniform coating over the generally central core 18. It should be understood that the rates of disintegration between portion 16 and portion 18 can be reversed or, in a different embodiment, that portion 18 is essentially non-disintegrating in the process. However, it will be seen that particle 14 may have other configurations, for example, the disintegrative portion 16 may not be uniformly applied over the generally central core 18. In a non-restrictive version, the disintegrative coating varies from approximately 10 nm independently to approximately 500 nm thick, alternatively from approximately 10 nm independently to approximately 5000 nm thick. When the term "independently" is used here with respect to a range of parameters, it should be understood that all lower thresholds can be used together with all upper thresholds to form suitable and acceptable alternative ranges. Such coatings can be formed by any acceptable method known in the art and suitable methods include, but are not necessarily limited to, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) including fluidized bed chemical vapor deposition (FBCVD), as well as physical vapor deposition, laser-induced deposit and so on, as well as sintering and / or compaction. In another non-limiting version, the particle can be formed from two approximately equal or even unequal hemispheres, one of which is a relatively insoluble portion 18 and the other of which is a relative dissolvable portion.
    [0025] It is also shown in FIG. 1 is a different embodiment of the particle, compact particle 40 having powder particle cores 36 and a thin layer of metallic coating 38 on it, similar to that shown in FIGS. of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0135953 A1, particularly FIGS. 9, 11, 12, 13 and 14; FIG. 9 is reproduced here as FIG. 8. Such particles 40 do not have a coating over the entire particle 40. The particles 40 will be reduced in size or disintegrate evenly after disintegration occurs.
    [0026] In a different non-limiting embodiment, the particles of FIG. 1 can be designed to have greater strength compared to conventional shoring materials, at least until disintegration. In a non-limiting example, portion 16 may be ceramic and portion 18 may be metal. The optimized coating layer or layers can also reduce the amount of erosion in the disintegrating particles during the processes of transport and placement of the shoring material.
    [0027] It will be further understood that although shoring material 10 and particles 12 and 14 are shown as spheres, they may be of other forms including, but not necessarily limited to, similar to an irregular, acicular, dentritic, flake, nodular rod , irregular and / or porous. Including elongated versions of these and so on with and without polished corners and still be effective as described here. In another non-limiting version, the particle can be hollow or porous.
    [0028] The aspect ratio of the elongated versions can vary from an average particle length to the average particle diameter from approximately 2: 1 to approximately 40: 1. In a non-limiting mode, these elongated particles can be manufactured by extruding the raw materials and then cutting the extruded filament into pieces to produce the desired aspect ratio.
    [0029] In another non-restrictive embodiment, the disintegrative portions of particles 12 and 14 are made of a disintegrated metal sintered and / or compacted from a metallic composite powder comprising a plurality of metallic powder particles. These smaller dust particles should not be confused with particles 12 and 14. Each dust particle can comprise a particle core, where the particle core comprises a core material comprising Mg, Al, Zn or Mn or a combination of them, having a melting temperature (TP). The powder particle may additionally comprise a metallic coating layer disposed on the powder particle core and comprising a metallic coating material having a melting temperature (TC), wherein the powder particles are configured for sintering the solid state between itself at a predetermined sintering temperature (TS) and TS is less than TP and TC. Alternatively, TS is slightly higher than TP and TC for localized sintering of the micro-liquid state. By "slightly higher" is planned approximately 10 to approximately 50 ° C higher than the lowest melting point of all phases involved in the material for localized micro-liquid sintering.
    [0030] There are at least three different temperatures involved: TP for the particle core, TC for the coating and a third TPC for the binary phase of P and C. TPC is usually the lowest temperature among the three. In a non-limiting example, for an aluminum-coated Mg particle, according to the Mg-Al phase diagram, TP = 650 ° C, TC = 660 ° C and TCP = 437 at <650 ° C depending on ps% ratio of the Mg-Al system. Therefore, for the complete sintering of the solid state, the predetermined process temperature must be lower than TPC. For the sintering of the micro-liquid phase at the core-coating interface, the temperature can be 10 - 50 degrees C higher than TPC, but lower than TP and TC. A temperature higher than TP or TC can be too much, causing macrofusion and destroying the coating structure.
    [0031] Again, further details on the fabrication of these dissolvable metal portions can be obtained with reference to U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0135953 A1. Again attention is directed to FIG. 8 here which is a microphotograph of a compact powder that can compose particles such as those like 40 in FIG. 1.
    [0032] It is shown in FIG. 2 an underground formation 20 having a well hole 22 drilled through it. At least one fracture 24 extends from the hole of the well 22 into the formation 20. As a practical matter, a plurality of fractures 24 would extend from the hole of the well 22 into the formation 20, but for simplicity only one is schematically illustrated. As shown in FIG. 2, a mixture of a plurality of shoring materials 10 and a plurality of particles 12 (in this non-limiting example, completely disintegrating particles 12) was introduced into at least a portion of fracture 24 (in this non-limiting illustration essentially the entire fracture 24) as a bundle of shoring material 26. In another non-limiting embodiment, a composition is introduced into at least a portion of fracture 24 where the composition comprises mixing a plurality of shoring materials 10 and a plurality of particles 12 and other compounds conventional materials used in fracturing or completion fluids. The distribution of shoring materials 10 and particles 12 shown in FIG. 2 is relatively uniform, although it is understood that the distribution does not have to be uniform or homogeneous in the case where different permeabilities and porosities are desired in different areas of the fracture shoring material package. For example, to achieve a relatively uniform distribution, the density of shoring materials 10 and particles 12 must be the same or approximately the same. Particles 12 may have reduced density if they are made of a relatively less dense metal, for example, primarily magnesium and / or are of a relatively less dense physical structure, for example, are hollow. If a non-uniform distribution is desired, the particles 12 can be relatively more or less dense than the shoring materials 10.
    [0033] "Essentially the whole fracture" can be defined here as at least 90 vol%, alternatively at least 95 vol% and, in another non-limiting modality, at least 99 vol%.
    [0034] As schematically illustrated in FIG. 2, the proportion of shoring materials 10 is greater than that of completely disintegrating particles 12. In a non-limiting embodiment, the proportion of shoring materials in shoring materials and total combined particles varies from approximately 60 independently to approximately 99 vol% . In an alternate, non-restrictive version, the proportion of shoring materials in shoring materials and total combined particles varies from approximately 80 independently to approximately 98 vol%.
    [0035] Shoring materials 10 do not need to be the same or approximately the same size as the fully dissolvable particles 12 (although they are shown as such in FIGS. 1 and 2), or the same size as particles 14 (which are shown in Figures 1 and 4 as larger than the shoring materials 10). In a non-limiting embodiment, the average particle size of particle 12 compared to the average particle size of shoring material 10 can vary from approximately 5% independently to approximately 500%, alternatively from approximately 50% independently to approximately 200%. Alternatively, the disintegrating metal particles 12 and 14 may be larger than the shoring materials 10. In the case of particles 14, in an alternating mode, only a portion of which is disintegrating, which can provide a structure such as that shown in FIG. 5, the average particle size of the central core 18 compared to the average particle size of the shoring material 10 can vary from approximately 5% independently to approximately 500%, alternatively from approximately 50% independently to approximately 200%.
    [0036] After placing the shoring material package 26, at least a portion of the disintegrating particles 12 is disintegrated and removed from it. This can be accomplished by the fracturing fluid or brine from the formation in non-limiting modalities. The fracturing fluid can contain corrosive material, such as selected types and amounts of acids and salts, to control the rate of particle disintegration. In another embodiment, this can be accomplished by removing or displacing the fracturing fluid or the carrier fluid or the placement fluid that introduced the shoring material package into fracture 24 and subsequently introducing a different fluid to dissolve the dissolvable particles 12. This fluid Subsequent may be suitably, but is not necessarily limited to, fresh water, brines, acids, hydrocarbons, emulsions and combinations thereof, as long as it is designed to dissolve all or at least a portion of the dissolvable particles 12. Although all disintegrative particles 12 can be removed, as schematically shown in FIG. 3, as a practical matter in an alternating mode, it may not be possible to contact and disintegrate all the dissolvable particles 12 with the subsequent fluid and thus remove or disintegrate all of them.
    [0037] However, in all embodiments, it will be found that due to the removal of at least a portion and acceptably of all disintegrative particles 12 from the shoring material package 26, the resulting shoring material package 26 'of FIG. 3 has a relatively higher permeability when compared to the shoring material package 26 prior to disintegration (for example, dissolution) of disintegrative particles 12 (for example, dissolvable). This is illustrated schematically by more open space in FIG. 3. In a non-limiting embodiment, the increase in the permeability of the shoring material pack 26 'is at least 100% above the original shoring material pack 26, alternatively at least 50% and, in another non-limiting embodiment, at least 10%.
    [0038] It is shown in FIG. 4 is a package of alternating shoring material 30 composed of shoring material 10 and particles 14 having a relatively more disintegrating portion 16 (e.g., coating) as part of particles 14. Again, as in the case of shoring material package 26 in FIG. 2, the largest proportion of the shoring material package 30 is the shoring material 10, with a smaller proportion (less than half) being the particles 14. After placing the shoring material package 30 shown in FIG. 4, the fracturing fluid or brine from the formation or both can remove the relatively more disintegrating coating 16 from particle 14. Alternatively, after the fracturing fluid, placement or carrier is removed, leaving the shoring material pack 30 in place , a subsequent fluid, such as a brine, fresh water, acid or other fluid, in which the relatively more disintegrating portion 16 is washed or introduced into the shoring material package 30 as a method for disintegrating the disintegrating portion 16 as much as possible for provide the shoring material package 30 'shown in FIG. 5. It is not necessary to use a subsequent treatment fluid to trigger the disintegration of the coating 16, but this can be an alternative. The fracturing fluid can itself be effective and can be adjusted in salinity, etc. to remove the coating 16. In both disintegration modalities of the coating 16, it is desirable to remove all or at least a portion of the disintegrating portion 16 of the particles 14. However, the resulting shoring material package 30 'is expected to have a permeability relatively higher when compared to the shoring material package 30 before dissolving the dissolvable portions 16. Again, this is illustrated schematically by more open space in FIG. 5. Note that portions (cores) 18, which have a different rate of disintegration than portions 16 will remain (as noted in FIG. 5). However, in a second commercial modality expected from the method, the cores 18 (whether or not relatively more disintegrative than the coating 16) are themselves disintegrated to produce the structure as seen in FIG. 6. The shoring material pack 30 "of FIG. 6, where all particles 14 are removed, has an even greater permeability than that of the shoring material pack 30 'shown in FIG. 5. It is considered that the the same fluid used to disintegrate the liner 16 can also be used to disintegrate the cores 18. The shoring material package 30 "of FIG. 6 can optionally be formed from the shoring material pack 30 'in a subsequent operation using a different fluid than that used to disintegrate the portions 16, which is passed through the contacts of the shoring material pack 30' to disintegrate and remove the 18 portions.
    [0039] It will also be found that a shoring material package can be formed from a mixture of shoring material 10, particles 12 that are completely dissolvable and particles 14 and / or particles 40 that have a portion of them that is disintegrating to also create a package of shoring material having greater permeability after at least a portion of it is disintegrated.
    [0040] It will be further verified that, in a non-limiting modality, the fluid that disintegrates the disintegrating particles or the disintegrating portions relatively differently from the particles can be a fluid that can also be a stimulating fluid, such as an acid, in in which case the fluid would have a dual function. It is further understood that the disintegrating particles (or portions of them) can be designed to be triggered by a particular type of stimulation fluid. After the shoring material is placed in the fractures, a subsequent dosage of the stimulation fluid will trigger the disintegration of the disintegrating particles or alternatively certain portions of them. This additional treatment with stimulation fluid can be acid, brine or sea water or even heated water or steam - a fluid that produces chemical and / or physical stimuli for the disintegrating material to be fired or disintegrated. Such a fluid would also dissolve a certain portion of the rock matrix of the underground formation 20, thereby stimulating its hydrocarbon production.
    [0041] Additionally, it should be understood that the shoring materials 10 can be any of the conventional materials or that they will be developed for shoring materials. Suitable shoring materials include, but are not necessarily limited to, quartz sand grains, glass and ceramic beads, bauxite grains, nutshell fragments, aluminum pellets, nylon pellets and so on. Shoring agents are typically used in concentrations between approximately 1201700 kg / m3 (1 to 14 pounds per gallon) of the fracturing fluid composition, but higher or lower concentrations can be used as the fracture design requires. Shoring materials can vary in average particle size from approximately 50 independently to approximately 2500 microns in diameter; alternatively from approximately 200 independently to approximately 1200 microns in diameter. In addition, the approximate amount of dissolvable particles used compared to the particle volume of the conventional shoring material is approximately 1% to approximately 40% and alternatively from approximately 1% to approximately 20%.
    [0042] The invention will now be illustrated with respect to certain examples that are not intended to limit the invention in any way, but simply to further illustrate it with certain specific modalities. EXAMPLES
    [0043] It is shown in FIG. 7 a graph of the corrosion rate of several different high-strength disintegrating materials at 3% KCl at 93 ° C (200 ° F). Group C disintegrating materials have a relatively low corrosion rate, whereas group D disintegrating materials have a relatively high corrosion rate. Thus, the disintegrating particles 12 and the dissolvable portions 16 and 18 of the particles 14 can be suitably made of metal materials of any group C or D, depending on the speed at which the particles, or portions of the particles, are to be disintegrated. All of these are forged powder compacts made in accordance with U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0135953 A1. Thus, 3% KCl at 93 ° C (200 ° F) can be used appropriately as the subsequent fluid solvent in the above examples of FIGS. 2 and 3 and 4 to 6.
    [0044] In the preceding specification, the invention has been described with reference to its specific modalities, and has been shown to be effective in providing methods and compositions to improve and increase the permeability of shoring material packages, while also optionally stimulating formation. However, it will be evident that various modifications and changes can be made to it without departing from the broader scope of the invention as presented in the appended claims. Thus, the descriptive report should be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. For example, specific combinations of shoring materials, disintegrating particles, carrier or fracturing fluids and disintegrating fluids and other components that fall within the claimed parameters, but are not specifically identified or attempted in a particular composition or method, are considered within the scope of that invention. Additionally, it is expected that the components and proportions of the shoring materials and disintegrating particles or their portions and procedures to form shoring material packages of relatively high permeability may change slightly from one application to another and still achieve the stated purposes and goals of the methods described here. For example, the methods may use different pressures, pump rates and additional or different steps than those mentioned or exemplified here.
    [0045] The words "comprising" and "comprises" as used by all claims are interpreted as "including, but not limited to".
    [0046] The present invention can suitably comprise, consist or consist essentially of the disclosed elements and can be practiced in the absence of an undisclosed element. For example, a method for increasing the permeability of the shoring material package within a fracture may consist of or essentially consist of introducing at least a portion of a fracture into an underground formation of a mixture of a plurality of shoring materials and a plurality of particles to form a package of the shoring material, where at least a portion of the particles is disintegrating, where the method still consists of or consists essentially of the disintegration of at least a portion of the particles to create a package of the shoring material having a relatively higher permeability when compared to the shoring material package prior to disintegration.
    Alternatively, a mixture useful here may consist of or consist essentially of a plurality of shoring materials and a plurality of particles, where at least a portion of the particles is disintegrating metal.
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [0001]
    1. Method for increasing the permeability of a shoring material package (26 ') within a fracture (24), the method comprising: introducing at least a portion of a fracture (24) into an underground formation (20) an mixing a plurality of shoring materials (26 ') and a plurality of particles (14) to form a package of shoring material (26), where at least a portion of the particles (14) is disintegrating and characterized by the fact that the disintegrating portion of the particles (14) comprises disintegrating metal in the form of a relatively less disintegrating powder compact, wherein the compact itself is relatively more disintegrating; and disintegrating at least a portion of the particles (14) to create a shoring material package (26 ') having a relatively higher permeability when compared to the shoring material package (26) prior to disintegration.
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the particles (12) are entirely disintegrative.
    [0003]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particles (14) are selected from the group consisting of: a relatively less disintegrating portion and a relatively more disintegrating portion, a relatively less disintegrating core and a relatively more coating disintegrating over at least most of the relatively less disintegrating core, a relatively more disintegrating core and a relatively less disintegrating coating over at least most of the relatively more disintegrating core, a compact of relatively less disintegrating powders, where the compact itself is relatively more disintegrative, a disintegrative metal or alloy having disintegration enhancing additives and combinations thereof.
    [0004]
    Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the particles (14) have a core (18) and a coating, and the disintegrative coating (16) varies from 10 nm to 5000 nm in thickness.
    [0005]
    5. Method according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the core (18) consists of magnesium, aluminum, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, iron, calcium, cobalt, tantalum, rhenium, nickel, silicon , rare earth elements, their oxides, their nitrides, their carbides and their alloys and combinations.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the coating (16) is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, iron, calcium, cobalt, tantalum, rhenium , nickel, silicon, rare earth elements, their oxides, nitrides, carbides and alloys and combinations.
    [0007]
    7. Method, according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the disintegrative coating (16) is formed by a process selected from the group consisting of chemical vapor deposit (CVD), chemical vapor deposition in fluidized bed (FBCVD) , physical vapor deposit, laser-induced deposit and their combinations.
    [0008]
    8. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the disintegrative metal is a sintered powder compact where the metal is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, iron, calcium, cobalt, tantalum, rhenium, nickel, silicon, rare earth elements and their alloys and combinations.
    [0009]
    9. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the disintegrating metal is sintered from a metallic composite powder comprising a plurality of metallic powder particles, each powder particle comprising: a particle core (18), the The particle core (18) comprises a core material comprising Mg, Al, Zn or Mn or a combination thereof, having a melting temperature (TP) and a metallic coating layer disposed on the particle core (18) and comprising a metallic coating material (16) having a melting temperature (TC), in which the powder particles are configured to sinter the solid state with each other at a predetermined sintering temperature (TS) and TS is less than TP and TC or TS is slightly higher than TP and TC for sintering the localized micro-liquid state.
    [0010]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the proportion of shoring materials (10) in the shoring materials (10) and total combined particles (14) varies from 60 to 99 vol% .
    [0011]
    11. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the particles (14) have shapes selected from the group consisting of generally spherical, similar to an irregular, acicular, dentritic, flake, nodular, irregular stick , porous, hollow, elongated versions of each of these and their combinations.
    [0012]
    12. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the average particle size of the particle compared to the average particle size (14) of the shoring material (10) varies from 50% to 200 %.
    [0013]
    13. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the disintegrative portion of the particles (14) is disintegrative in a fluid selected from the group consisting of fresh water, brines, acids and their combinations.
    [0014]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shoring materials (10) and particles (14) are distributed throughout the shoring material package in a generally uniform manner.
    [0015]
    15. Mixture comprising a plurality of shoring materials (10) and a plurality of particles (14), where at least a portion of the particles is disintegrating metal, characterized by the fact that the disintegrating metal is a compact of sintered powder, in which the metal is selected from a group consisting of magnesium, aluminum, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, iron, calcium, cobalt, tantalum, rhenium, nickel, silicon, rare earth elements, their oxides, their nitrides, their carbides and their alloys and combinations.
    [0016]
    16. Mixture according to claim 15, characterized by the fact that the particles (14) are entirely disintegrative.
    [0017]
    17. Mixture according to claim 15, characterized in that the particles (14) are selected from the group consisting of: a relatively less disintegrating portion and a relatively more disintegrating portion, a relatively less disintegrating core and a relatively more coating disintegrating over at least most of the relatively less disintegrating core, a relatively more disintegrating core and a relatively less disintegrating coating over at least most of the relatively more disintegrating core, a compact of relatively less disintegrating powders, where the compact itself is relatively more disintegrative, a disintegrative metal or alloy having disintegration enhancing additives and combinations thereof.
    [0018]
    18. Mixture according to claim 17, characterized in that the particles (14) have a core (18) and a coating (16), and the disintegrative coating (16) varies from 10 nm to 5000 nm in thickness .
    [0019]
    19. Mixture according to claim 18, characterized by the fact that the disintegrative coating (16) is formed by a process selected from the group consisting of chemical vapor deposit (CVD), chemical vapor deposition in fluidized bed (FBCVD) , physical vapor deposit, laser-induced deposit and their combinations.
    [0020]
    20. Mixture according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the proportion of shoring materials (10) in the total mixture of shoring materials (10) and particles (14) combined ranges from 60 to 99 vol%.
    [0021]
    21. Mixture according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the disintegrating metal is sintered from a metallic compound powder comprising a plurality of metallic powder particles, each powder particle comprising: a particle core ( 18), the particle core (18) comprises a core material comprising Mg, Al, Zn or Mn or a combination thereof, having a melting temperature (TP) and a metallic coating layer arranged on the particle core and comprising a metallic coating material (16) having a melting temperature (TC), in which the powder particles are configured to sinter the solid state with each other at a predetermined sintering temperature (TS) and TS is less than TP and TC .
    [0022]
    22. Mixture according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the particles (14) have shapes selected from the group consisting of generally spherical, similar to an irregular, acicular, dentritic, flake, nodular, irregular stick , porous, hollow, elongated versions of each of these and their combinations.
    [0023]
    23. Mixture according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the average particle size of the particle (14) compared to the average particle size of the shoring material (10) varies from 50% to 200 %.
    [0024]
    24. Mixture according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the disintegrative portion of the particles (14) is disintegrative in a fluid selected from the group consisting of fresh water, brines, acids and their combinations.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    BR112013024795B1|2021-01-19|a method for increasing the permeability of a shoring material package within a fracture and mixture comprising a plurality of shoring materials and a plurality of particles
    US20140060834A1|2014-03-06|Controlled Electrolytic Metallic Materials forWellbore Sealing and Strengthening
    US9670764B2|2017-06-06|Heterogeneous proppant placement in a fracture with removable channelant fill
    US8008234B2|2011-08-30|Method and composition comprising at least three different average particle volume particulates for low damage gravel packing
    US8662172B2|2014-03-04|Methods to gravel pack a well using expanding materials
    US20130056215A1|2013-03-07|Disintegrative Particles to Release Agglomeration Agent for Water Shut-Off Downhole
    US20130161003A1|2013-06-27|Proppant placement
    US10196558B2|2019-02-05|Particle coating process and compositions for ceramic proppant extrusion
    WO2015148151A1|2015-10-01|Well treatment
    CA2815701C|2015-12-01|Method to enhance fiber bridging
    EP2875090A1|2015-05-27|Use of expandable self-removing filler material in fracturing operations
    US9752072B2|2017-09-05|Propping compositions for enhancing fracture conductivity
    WO2017100222A1|2017-06-15|Method and composition for controlling fracture geometry
    WO2016072877A1|2016-05-12|Fractures treatment
    US10995597B1|2021-05-04|Methods and materials for hydraulic fracturing
    CA3148911A1|2014-09-18|Proppant composition comprising a chemical tracer and use thereof for hydraulic fracturing
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US9010424B2|2015-04-21|
    CA2830409C|2016-02-16|
    US20120247765A1|2012-10-04|
    CN103459770B|2017-07-28|
    WO2012135419A3|2012-11-29|
    AU2012236490A1|2013-09-26|
    RU2013148022A|2015-05-10|
    WO2012135419A2|2012-10-04|
    CN103459770A|2013-12-18|
    MX2013011016A|2014-04-25|
    EP2691604A4|2015-12-16|
    AU2012236490B2|2016-09-08|
    EP2691604A2|2014-02-05|
    BR112013024795A2|2016-12-20|
    RU2594029C2|2016-08-10|
    CA2830409A1|2012-10-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3173484A|1958-09-02|1965-03-16|Gulf Research Development Co|Fracturing process employing a heterogeneous propping agent|
    US3237693A|1963-10-28|1966-03-01|Gulf Research Development Co|Fracturing method and propping agent|
    US5604184A|1995-04-10|1997-02-18|Texaco, Inc.|Chemically inert resin coated proppant system for control of proppant flowback in hydraulically fractured wells|
    US6330916B1|1996-11-27|2001-12-18|Bj Services Company|Formation treatment method using deformable particles|
    US6114410A|1998-07-17|2000-09-05|Technisand, Inc.|Proppant containing bondable particles and removable particles|
    US6691780B2|2002-04-18|2004-02-17|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Tracking of particulate flowback in subterranean wells|
    US7288325B2|2003-03-14|2007-10-30|The Pennsylvania State University|Hydrogen storage material based on platelets and/or a multilayered core/shell structure|
    US7228904B2|2003-06-27|2007-06-12|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Compositions and methods for improving fracture conductivity in a subterranean well|
    US20050130848A1|2003-06-27|2005-06-16|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Compositions and methods for improving fracture conductivity in a subterranean well|
    US7178596B2|2003-06-27|2007-02-20|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Methods for improving proppant pack permeability and fracture conductivity in a subterranean well|
    US7281580B2|2004-09-09|2007-10-16|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|High porosity fractures and methods of creating high porosity fractures|
    DK1797281T3|2004-10-04|2014-02-10|Momentive Specialty Chemicals Res Belgium|PROCEDURE FOR ESTIMATING THE GEOMETRY OF A BREAK, AS WELL AS COMPOSITIONS AND ARTICLES USED THEREOF|
    US7281581B2|2004-12-01|2007-10-16|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Methods of hydraulic fracturing and of propping fractures in subterranean formations|
    US20060196662A1|2005-03-04|2006-09-07|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Methods and compositions for servicing fluids comprising derivatized cellulose gelling agents|
    US8770261B2|2006-02-09|2014-07-08|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Methods of manufacturing degradable alloys and products made from degradable alloys|
    KR101436410B1|2006-08-30|2014-09-01|우미코레 아게 운트 코 카게|Core/shell-type catalyst particles comprising metal or ceramic core materials and methods for their preparation|
    US7490667B2|2006-10-02|2009-02-17|Fairmount Minerals, Inc.|Proppants with soluble composite coatings|
    US7581590B2|2006-12-08|2009-09-01|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Heterogeneous proppant placement in a fracture with removable channelant fill|
    US8636065B2|2006-12-08|2014-01-28|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Heterogeneous proppant placement in a fracture with removable channelant fill|
    US20080149351A1|2006-12-20|2008-06-26|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Temporary containments for swellable and inflatable packer elements|
    US7784541B2|2007-07-25|2010-08-31|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|System and method for low damage fracturing|
    US8490699B2|2007-07-25|2013-07-23|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|High solids content slurry methods|
    US8490698B2|2007-07-25|2013-07-23|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|High solids content methods and slurries|
    WO2010011402A2|2008-05-20|2010-01-28|Oxane Materials, Inc.|Method of manufacture and the use of a functional proppant for determination of subterranean fracture geometries|
    WO2010041032A1|2008-10-10|2010-04-15|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Additives to suppress silica scale build-up|
    US7931084B2|2008-10-14|2011-04-26|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Methods for treating a subterranean formation by introducing a treatment fluid containing a proppant and a swellable particulate and subsequently degrading the swellable particulate|
    US20100323932A1|2009-06-17|2010-12-23|Oscar Bustos|Methods for treating a well or the like|
    US9682425B2|2009-12-08|2017-06-20|Baker Hughes Incorporated|Coated metallic powder and method of making the same|US9181781B2|2011-06-30|2015-11-10|Baker Hughes Incorporated|Method of making and using a reconfigurable downhole article|
    US9038719B2|2011-06-30|2015-05-26|Baker Hughes Incorporated|Reconfigurable cement composition, articles made therefrom and method of use|
    WO2014107608A1|2013-01-04|2014-07-10|Carbo Ceramics Inc.|Electrically conductive proppant and methods for detecting, locating and characterizing the electrically conductive proppant|
    US11008505B2|2013-01-04|2021-05-18|Carbo Ceramics Inc.|Electrically conductive proppant|
    CA2909575A1|2013-05-17|2014-11-20|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Method and apparatus for generating seismic pulses to map subterranean fractures|
    US9500069B2|2013-05-17|2016-11-22|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Method and apparatus for generating seismic pulses to map subterranean fractures|
    US11167343B2|2014-02-21|2021-11-09|Terves, Llc|Galvanically-active in situ formed particles for controlled rate dissolving tools|
    CN104057081B|2014-07-09|2017-02-15|徐梓辰|Dissoluble metal material for underground construction|
    CN104096833B|2014-07-09|2017-01-04|徐梓辰|A kind of solubilized metal material for underground construction|
    GB201413327D0|2014-07-28|2014-09-10|Magnesium Elektron Ltd|Corrodible downhole article|
    WO2016204716A1|2015-06-14|2016-12-22|Halliburton Energy Services. Inc.|Fluid creating a fracture having a bottom portion of reduced permeability and a top having a higher permeability|
    EP3310993A4|2015-06-17|2019-01-23|Baker Hughes, a GE company, LLC|Downhole structures including soluble glass|
    CN105618738A|2016-03-17|2016-06-01|成都创源油气技术开发有限公司|Method for manufacturing soluble tripping ball used for staged fracturing of shale gas well|
    CN106543995A|2016-11-02|2017-03-29|中国石油化工股份有限公司|A kind of magnesium alloy scrap reuse method|
    CN106520094B|2016-11-02|2018-12-25|中国石油化工股份有限公司|A kind of acid fracturing solvable diverting agent and preparation method thereof|
    GB201700716D0|2017-01-16|2017-03-01|Magnesium Elektron Ltd|Corrodible downhole article|
    CN108153947B|2017-12-12|2021-05-28|河海大学|Soft rock field state-based disintegration characteristic description method|
    GB2587971A|2018-07-20|2021-04-14|Halliburton Energy Services Inc|Degradable metal body for sealing of shunt tubes|
    US20200048532A1|2018-08-10|2020-02-13|Bj Services, Llc|Frac Fluids for Far Field Diversion|
    US10920558B2|2019-07-12|2021-02-16|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Method of enhancing proppant distribution and well production|
    CN110590393A|2019-09-21|2019-12-20|郑州德赛尔陶粒有限公司|Light ceramsite sand added with olivine and preparation process thereof|
    WO2021145896A1|2020-01-17|2021-07-22|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Wellbore remedial operations with no-heat liquid solder|
    US20210222047A1|2020-01-17|2021-07-22|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Wellbore treatment fluids with no-heat liquid solder additives|
    US11180987B2|2020-01-17|2021-11-23|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Conductive pathways within a wellbore using no-heat liquid solder|
    CN112523008A|2020-11-26|2021-03-19|广西柳州钢铁集团有限公司|Slurry-water isolation stone ballast track bed and construction method thereof|
    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-10-15| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: AS CLASSIFICACOES ANTERIORES ERAM: C09K 8/80 , E21B 43/267 , C09K 8/68 Ipc: E21B 43/267 (1980.01), C09K 8/80 (2006.01), C09K 8 |
    2019-10-22| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-08| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-01-19| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 29/03/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201161468921P| true| 2011-03-29|2011-03-29|
    US61/468,921|2011-03-29|
    US13/430,184|US9010424B2|2011-03-29|2012-03-26|High permeability frac proppant|
    US13/430,184|2012-03-26|
    PCT/US2012/031081|WO2012135419A2|2011-03-29|2012-03-29|High permeability frac proppant|
    [返回顶部]